Glossary

Advantage DCT technology	Technology to produce high quality tissue with high efficiency and reliability.
Advantage NTT technology	Technology to produce premium quality textured tissue with high bulk and softness.
Advantage Thru-Air technology	Technology to produce superior quality structured tissue with excellent absorbency and softness.
BCTMP	Bleached Chemithermomechanical Pulp is mechanical pulp, with characteristics similar to some bleached kraft pulp grades, but with a much higher yield and generally lower capital costs for production capacity.
BDMT	Bone Dry Metric Ton: Bone Dry is a descriptive term for the moisture-free conditions of pulp and paper.
BEK	Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft pulp.
BHKP (Bleached hardwood kraft pulp)	Pulp produced of short fibre wood species e.g. in Brazil and Indonesia. It adds softness to the final product.
Biomass pyrolysis	Thermal depolymerization of biomass at elevated temperatures in the absence of added oxygen. The slate of products depends on the process temperature, pressure, and residence time of the liberated pyrolysis vapors. Liquid products, called bio-oils or pyrolysis oils, are maximized with fast pyrolysis
Black liquor	Waste product from kraft process, which consists of extractives of the wood and cooking chemicals. It is cooked in recovery boiler in order to regenerate chemicals and to produce energy.
BSCMP	Bleached Semichemical Mechanical Pulp has been bleached to relatively high brightness for use in higher value printing and writing papers. Similar to BCTMP.
Chemical pulp	The mass of fibers resulting from the reduction of wood or other fibrous raw material during the cooking phases with various chemical liquors.
Coating	Part of paper making process where coating color is spread onto the paper surface. Coating the paper several times improves printing properties.
Cooking	Part of pulp making process, where wood chips are cooked in order to produce mass of fibers.
Dissolving pulp	A very pure, fully bleached chemical pulp or cotton linter pulp. It is made specifically for dissolving in suitable solvents for regeneration to form cellophane, rayon, etc., or combining with other chemicals to produce such derivatives as acetates, nitrates, etc.
Dry pulp	Cut sheets of wood pulp that are dried and used in order to produce paper.
Dryer section	Part of a paper machine. A series of heated cast-iron cylinders dry the web passing through the cylinders.
Evaporation	Part of a pulp mill, where water is evaporated from waste product before it will be incinerated.
Fiber line	Part of pulp making process, where wood is refined to pulp.
Fluff pulp	A light, bleached, absorbent mixture of chemical and/or mechanical pulp used as a filler for sanitary products such as disposable diapers, bed padding, napkins, bandages, and other personal hygiene products.
Forming section	Part of paper making process where water is removed and fibers start to spread and consolidate into a thin mat.
Gasification	Refers to a process in which a solid fuel is converted into a gas mixture called product gas or producer gas. After cleaning and conditioning this gas can be used in power production or converted to synthetic fuels or chemicals.
Hardwood pulp	Pulp produced from the wood of broad-leaved trees.
Headbox	Part of a paper machine which squirts a mixture of water and fibre through a thin horizontal slit across the machine's width onto a forming fabric. Water content 95%.
Kraft pulp	Pulp produced by kraft process. In this process wood (usually softwood) is made pulp by using cooking liquor made up primarily of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulfide (Na 2 S).
Lignin	Organic polymer that is binding the fibers that constitute wood, and give rigidity to fibers.
Lignoboost	Lignin recovery process that allows to (1) increase pulp production by off-loading the recovery boiler, (2) produce a fuel that can replace oil, e.g. for lime kilns, and (3) produce an additional product that can be transported and sold to increase mill revenue.
Lignocellulosic biomass	Comprises of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Cellulose and hemicellulose are complex carbohydrates i.e. long chains of sugar molecules. Lignin is a complex, non-carbohydrate polymer that binds cellulose and hemicellulose, and gives plant cell walls their rigidity.
Lignocellulosic ethanol	Refers to ethyl alcohol produced from lignocellulosic biomassa. The product is often called 2nd generation ethanol while the 1st generation ethanol refers to ethyl alcohol produced from starch or sugar.
Lime kiln	Part of a pulp mill, where limestone (CaCO3) is calcinated to quicklime (CaO) and to be reconverted in caustisizing.
Limestone	Calciumcarbonite (CaCO3) created in pulp making process when producing cooking liquor.
Market pulp	Any pulp manufactured by a pulp mill and sold on the open market as a commercial product.
Mechanical pulp	Pulp produced by reducing pulpwood logs and chips into their fiber components by the use of mechanical energy, via grinding stones, refiners, etc.
NBSK (Northern bleached softwood kraft pulp)	NBSK is based on long fibre wood species and it is produced mainly in Canada and the Nordic countries. It adds strength to the final product, used for example in board production.
OptiConcept M	Standard and modularized technology concepts for board and paper production.
Press section	Part of paper making process in which the press section squeezes the web of wet paper and lowers water content to 50 percent.
Recaustization	Process where green liquor dissolved from the fluid generated in the recovery boiler is transformed into cooking liquor with help of quicklime and chemicals are recovered.
Recovery boiler	Boiler for waste product (black liquor) of kraft pulp, where energy is generated and cooking chemicals are recovered.
Recycled pulp	Pulp that has been made of recycled paper processed by chemicals.
Reeling	Part of paper making process, where finished paper is wound into a reel.
Sizer	Surface sizing is part of paper making process were sizing chemical and/or additives are applicated on paper or board surface. Surface sizing unit is located between pre- and after dryer section so that typically moisture level of paper is close to final moisture. Main target of surface sizing is to improve strength properties. With surface sizing it is possible to affect and improve also other paper properties like for example stiffness, porosity and hydrophobicity.
Sizing	Part of paper making process where starch is applied onto the paper surface to strengthen the paper surface.
Softwood pulp	Pulp produced from the wood of evergreen coniferous species of trees, such as pines, spruces, hemlocks, etc.
Unbleached pulp	Pulp that has not been treated in a bleaching process and can be used as is in inferior grades of paper and paperboard.
Virgin pulp	Pulp consisting of unused fibers, and doesn't contain recycled.